Principaux acronymes utilisés en informatique

Retour au glossaire SCSI

ACID

Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability

ACL

Access Control List

ACM

Association for Computer Machinery

ACMS

Application Control and Management System (DEC Transaction manager)

ADT

Abstract Data Type

 

AEI

Application Enabling Interface

AES

Application Environment Specification (OSF)

AFS

Andrew File System

AI

Artificial Intelligence

AIX

Advanced Interactive eXecutive (IBM UNIX operating system)

ANDF

Architecture Neutral Distribution Format (OSF)

ANS

American National Standard

ANSI

American National Standards Institute

API

Application Programming Interface

APP

Application Portability Profile (NIST)

APPC

Advanced Program-to-Program Communications (IBM)

APPN

Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking (IBM)

AR

Application Requester (IBM DRDA)

AS

Application Server (IBM DRDA)

AS/400

Application System/400 IBM)

ASCII

American National Standard Code for Information Interchange

ASN.1

Abstract Syntax Notation.1 (ISO Standard)

ATMI

Application Transaction Management Interface

B-TREE

Balanced Tree

BCNF

Boyce/Codd Normal Form

BER

Basic Encoding Rules

BLOB

Binary Large Object

BSC

Binary Synchronous Communication

C2

Minimum security level defined by National Computer Security Center

CAD

Computer-Aided Design

CAE

Common Applications Environment (X/Open)

CAE

Computer-Aided Engineering

CAM

Computer-Aided Manufacturing

CASE

Computer-Aided Software Engineering

CCITT

Comite Consultatif International de Telegraphie et Telephonie

CCR

Commit Control and Recovery (OSI standard)

CCS

Common Communications Support (IBM SAA)

CDA

Compound Document Architecture

CDRA

Character Data Representation Architecture (IBM)

CDS

Cell Directory Service (OSF DCE)

CICS

Customer Control Information System (IBM transaction manager)

CIM

Computer Integrated Manufacturing

CISC

Complex Instruction Set Computing

CLI

Call-Level Interface

CM

Communications Manager

CMIP

Common Management Information Protocol

CMS

Conversational Monitor System (IBM)

CODASYL

Committee On Data System Languages

CORBA

Common Object Request Broker Architecture (OMG)

COS

Corporation for Open Systems International

COSE

Common Open Software Environment

CPI

Common Programming Interface (IBM SAA)

CPI-C

Common Programming Interface Communications (IBM SAA)

CPI-RR

Common Programming Interface Recovery (IBM SAA)

CPU

Central Processing Unit

CRC

Cyclical Redundancy Check

CSMA/CA

Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance

CSMA/CD

Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection

CUA

Common User Access (IBM SAA)

DA

Data Administrator

DAL

Data Access Language (Apple)

DARPA

Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency

DASD

Direct Access Storage Device

DB

Database

DB/DC

Database/Data Communications

DB2

Database 2 (IBM)

DBA

Database Administrator

DBCS

Double-Byte Character Set

DBM

Database Manager (or machine)

DBMS

Database Management System

DBS

Database System

DBTG

Database Task Group (subcommittee of COSASYL)

DC

Data Communications

DCE

Distributed Computing Environment

DCL

Data Control Language

DDBMS

Distributed Data Management System

DDCS

Distributed Data Connection Services/2 (IBM)

DDE

Distributed Data Exchange (MS Windows)

DDF

Distributed Data Facility

DDL

Data Definition Language

DDM

Distributed Data Management (IBM SNA)

DES

Data Encryption Standard

DFD

Data Flow Diagram

DFS

Distributed File System

DIA

Data Interchange Architecture

DIF

Data Interchange Format

DIS

Data Interpretation System (IBM)

DIS

Draft International Standard

DLL

Dynamic Link Library

DLR

Dynamic Link Routine

DME

Distributed Management Environment (OSF)

DML

Data Manipulation Language

DNA

Digital Network Architecture (DEC)

DNS

Domain Name Service

DOS

Disk Operating System

DP

Data Processing

DPL

Distributed Program Link (IBM CICS)

DPMA

Data Processing Management Association

DPROP

Data Propagator (IBM)

DRDA

Distributed Relational Database Architecture (IBM)

DS

Database Server

DSS

Decision Support System

DTP

Distributed Transaction Processing

DTS

Distributed Time Services (OSF DCE)

DUW

Distributed Unit of Work (IBM)

DXT

Data Extract (IBM)

EBCDIC

Extended Binary-Code Decimal Interchange Code

ECI

External Call Interface (IBM CICS)

ECMA

European Computer Manufacturers Association

EDI

Electronic Data Interchange

EDIF

Electronic Design Interchange Form

EHLLAPI

Emulator High-Level Language Application Programming Interface

EIS

Executive Information System

EMA

Enterprise Management Architecture

(DEC)

ER

Entity/Relationship

ESA

Enterprise Systems Architecture (IBM)

ETIS

European Telecommunications Information Service

FAP

Formats and Protocols

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

FD:OCA

Formatted Data Object Content Architecture (IBM)

FDBMS

Federated Database Management System

FDDI

Fiber Distributed Data Interface

FIFO

First In First Out

FIPS

Federal Information Processing Standards

FLOPS

Floating Point Operations Per Second

FMH

Function Management Header

FSM

Finite-State Machine

FTP

File Transfer Protocol

GDS

General Data Stream

GDS

Global Directory Service (OSF DCE)

GIF

Graphic Interchange Format, pronounced "jiff"

GIS

Geographic Information System

GOSIP

Government Open Systems Interconnection Profile

GUI

Graphical User Interface

HDLC

High-level Data Link Control

HPFS

High Performance File System (IBM OS/2)

HTML

HyperText Markup Language

HTTP servers

HyperText Transport Protocol

I/O

Input/Output

ID

Identifier

IDAPI

Integrated Database Application Programming Interface

IDL

Interface Definition Language

IDMS

Integrated Database Management System (Computer Associates)

IEC

International Electrotechnical Commission

IEEE

Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers

IGFOS

International Government Forum for Open Systems

IMS/TM

Information Management System/Transaction Manager (IBM transaction manager)

IP

Internet Protocol

IPC

Inter-Process Communication

IPX

Internet Packet eXchange (Novell)

IRDS

Information Resource Dictionary System

IRM

Information Resource Management

IS

Information System

ISAM

Indexed Sequential Access Method

ISC

Inter-System Communication (IBM)

ISDN

Integrated Services Digital Network

ISO

International Organization for Standardization

ISV

Independent Software Vendor

IT

Information Technology

IXF

Integration Exchange Format (IBM)

JAD

Joint Application Development

JCL

Job Control Language (IBM)

JCT1

Joint Technical Committee 1 (ISO/IEC information technology committee)

JPEG

Joint Photographic Experts Group

Kerberos

Security system developed by MIT

LAN

Local Area Network

LIFO

Last In Last Out

LR

Logical Record

LSN

Log Sequence Number

LU

Logical Unit

LU2

Logical Unit Type 2

(IBM SNA host to 3270)

LU6.2

Logical Unit Type 6.2

(IBM SNA program to program)

LUW

Logical Unit of Work

MACH

UNIX operating system developed by Carnegie-Mellon

MAN

Metropolitan Area Network

MAP

Manufacturing Automation Protocol

MAPI
Mail API (Microsoft)

MIPS

Millions of Instructions Per Second

MIS

Management Information System

MLFLOPS

Millions of Floating Point Instructions Per Second

Motif

User interface developed by OSF

MP

Multi-Processor

MPE

Multi-Programming Executive (HP)

MPEG

Moving Pictures Expert Group

MPP

Massively Parallel Processing

MQI

Message Queuing Interface (IBM)

MRO

Multi-Region Operation (IBM CICS)

MSA

SNA Management Services Architecture (IBM)

MSDOS

Microsoft Disk Operating System

MTTF

Mean Time to Failure

MUMPS

Massachusetts General Hospital Utility Multi-Programming System

MVS

Multiple Virtual Storage (IBM)

NAS

Network Application Support (DEC)

NCP

Network Control Program

NCS

Network Computing System (HP/Apollo RPC mechanism)

NCSA

National Center for Supercomputing Applications

NCSC

National Computer Security Center

NDL

Network Database Language

NFS

Network File System

NIDL

Network Interface Definition Language

NIST

National Institute of Standards and Technology

NLM

NetWare Loadable Module (Novell)

NLS

National Language Support

NOS

Network Operating System

NPL

Non-procedural language

NPT

Non-Programmable Terminal

NSTL

National Software Testing Laboratory

OCR

Optical Character Recognition

ODBC

Open Database Connectivity (Microsoft)

OEM

Original Equipment Manufacturer

OLCP

On-Line Complex Processing

OLE

Object Linking and Embedding (MS Windows)

OLTP

On-Line Transaction Processing

OMG

Object Management Group

OMI

Open Messaging Interface (Lotus)

ONC

Open Network Computing (Sun)

OO

Object-Oriented

OOA

Object-Oriented Analysis

OODBMS

Object-Oriented Database Management System

OOPS

Object-Oriented Programming System

OS

Operating System

OS/2

Operating system/2 (IBM)

OSE

Open Systems Environment (POSIX)

OSF

Open Software Foundation

OSI

Open Systems Interconnection

OU

OpenLook User interface developed by Sun

PAD

Packet Assembler/Disassembler

PC

Personal Computer

PIU

Path Information Unit

PL/1

Programming Language/1 (IBM)

PLU

Primary Logical Unit

PM

OS/2 Presentation Manager (IBM)

POSC

Petrotechnical Open Software Corporation

POSIX

Portable Operating System Interface

PS

LU6.2 Presentation Services

PSDN

Packet-Switched Data Network

PTP

Peer-to-Peer

PU

Physical Unit

PWS

Programmable Workstation

QBE

Query by Example

QMF

Query Management Facility (IBM)

RAD

Rapid Application Development

RAID

Redundant (or Reliable) Array of Inexpensive Disks

RAM

Random Access Memory

RAMP

Risk Analysis and Management Program

RAS

Reliability, Availability, and Serviceability

RBA

Relative Byte Address

RDA

Remote Data Access (ISO standard)

RDB

Relational Database

RDBMS

Relational Database Management System

RDS

Remote Data Services (IBM OS/2)

RH

Request/Response Header

RID

Record Identifier

RISC

Reduced Instruction Set Computing

RM

LU6.2 Resource Manager

RMID

Resource Manager Identifier

RMS

Record Management Services (DEC)

ROSE

Remote Operations Services (ISO standard)

RPC

Remote Procedure Call

RPL

Remote Program Link

RRDF

Remote Recovery Data Facility (IBM)

RRN

Related Record Number

RRU

Request/ Response Unit

RUW

Remote Unit of Work (IBM)

SAA

System Application Architecture (IBM)

SAG

SQL Access Group

SAM

Sequential Access Method

SC21

ISO/IEC JTC1 Sub-Committee for OSI, data management and DTP

SCSI

Small Computer System Interface

SDK

Software Developer's Kit

SDLC

Synchronous Data Link Control

SDM

Semantic Data Model

SLIP Connection

Serial Line Internet Protocol

SLU

Secondary Logical Unit

SMP

Symmetric Multiprocessing

SMS

System Managed Storage (IBM)

SNA

Systems Network Architecture (IBM)

SNADS

Systems Network Architecture Distributed Services (IBM)

SNMP

Simple Network Management Protocol

SPARC

Scalable Processor Architecture

SPI

System Programming Interface

SPX

Sequenced Packet eXchange (Novell)

SQL

Structured Query Language

SRPI

Server-Requester Programming Interface (IBM)

SSCP

System Services Control Point

SVID

UNIX System V Interface Definitions

SVR4

UNIX System V Release 4

TC

Transmission Control layer

TCP/IP

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

TDS

Tabular Data Stream (Sybase)

TH

Transmission Header

TIFF

Tagged Image File Format

TLI

Transport Level Interface

TM

Transaction Manager (Tandem transaction manager)

TMF

Transaction Monitoring Facility

TOP

Technical and Office Protocol

TP

Transaction Program

TPC

Transaction Processing Council

TPCP

Two Phase Commit Protocol

TPF

Transaction Processing Facility (IBM transaction manager)

TPM

Transaction Processing Manager

TPOS

Transaction Processing Operating System

TPS

Transactions Per Second

TRN

Token Ring Network

TRPC

Transactional Remote Procedure Call

TSO

Time Sharing Option (IBM)

TX

Transaction

UDF

User-Defined function

ULTRIX

DEC UNIX operating system

UOW

Unit of Work

URL

Uniform Resource Locator

USL

UNIX System Laboratories

VAR

Value Added Reseller

VAX

Virtual Address eXtension (DEC)

VCS

Version Control System

VINES

Virtual Networking System (Banyan)

VM

Virtual Machine (IBM)

 

VMS

Virtual Memory System (DEC)

 

VSAM

Virtual Storage Access Method (IBM)

VTAM

Virtual Telecommunications Access Method (IBM)

WAIS

Wide Area Information Service

WAL

Write Ahead Log

WAN

Wide Area Network

WIMPS

Windows, Icons, Menus, Pointers, and Scroll Bars

WWW

World Wide Web

WYSIWYG

What You See Is What You Get

X

Window. A windowing API developed by MIT

X.25

A CCITT standard for packet switched networks

X.400

A CCITT mail and messaging standard

X.500

A CCITT directory services standard

X/Open

An international consortium of computer vendors

X/Open DTP

X/Open Distributed Transaction Processing

X/Open XA

X/Open API between resource managers (part of X/Open DTP)

X11.3

X Windows Release 3

X3H2

ANSI database committee

XPG

X/Open Portability Guide

XRF

Extended Recovery Facility (IBM)

XTI

X/Open Transport Interface

 

Dernière mise à jour : 12/12/99 23:04:03 +0100

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