Archive-name: sun-hdwr-ref/part5 Posting-Frequency: as revised Version: $Id: part5,v 1.7 1995/10/22 22:00:41 jwbirdsa Exp $ THE SUN HARDWARE REFERENCE compiled by James W. Birdsall (jwbirdsa@picarefy.com) PART V ====== DISKS KEYBOARDS MICE MONITORS FLOPPY DRIVES TAPE DRIVES DISKS ===== SMD --- MFM --- ESDI ---- SCSI ---- Performance information for some Sun stock SCSI disks: CAPACITY 207M 424M 669M 1.3G FORM FACTOR (in) 3.5 3.5 5.25 5.25 AVERAGE SEEK (ms) 16 14 16 11.5 RAW DISK TRANSFER 1.6 2.5-3 1.8 3-4.5 RATE (Mbps) PERFORMANCE (Kbps)* 509 1012 779 1429 RPM 3600 4400 3600 5400 BUFFER SIZE (K) 64 64 64 256 MTBF (hours) 50,000 100,000 50,000 100,000 * "Sun performs a combination of random and sequential benchmarks to develop an overall measurement of performance for mass-storage products. These tests are performed on Sun systems and a geometric mean is calculated to generate a composite of the performance that a typical user might expect." Note that these numbers are highly nonauthoritative. In particular, Sun frequently uses several different disk mechanisms for a particular size (e.g. a SUN0207 may be a Maxtor LXT213S, a Quantum PD210S, or a Conner CP30200), and performance will vary between them. xxx-xxxx CDC/Imprimis/Seagate 94211-91 5.25" half-height, 91M, used in 386i models. Looking at the back of the drive with the SCSI connector on the left, there are four horizontal jumpers and four vertical jumpers (which will be arbitrarily referred to as H0-H3 and V0-V3 from left to right; actual markings on the drive are unknown). H1 should always be jumpered, the other horizontal jumpers should always be unjumpered. V3 should always be jumpered; V0 through V2 seem to be the SCSI ID, MSB to LSB. xxx-xxxx Quantum ProDrive 105s 3.5" half-height, 105M, used in the 3/80 and some SPARCstations. Looking at the base of the drive, with the front to the right and the SCSI and power connectors to the left, there are two groups of three jumpers. A2-A0 SCSI id, MSB (A2) to LSB (A0). WS To spin up drive at power up, jumpered. To wait for START MOTOR command, unjumpered. EP Parity checking enabled when jumpered, disabled when unjumpered. SS Self-seek test enabled when jumpered, disabled when unjumpered. Should always be unjumpered. IPI --- IPI stands for Intelligent Peripheral Interface. It moves much of the low-level I/O processing to the interface controller, relieving the system CPU of the burden. Disks are daisy-chained as with SCSI, but up to eight units are supported on one controller. As with SCSI, the chain must be terminated. The maximum disk tranfer rate is 6M per second. Note that more than four disks on a controller usually loads it heavily and can cause the system to be unstable. With high-performance disks capable of sustained 6M per second transfers, even three can be too much. Performance information for some Sun stock IPI disks: CAPACITY 911M 1.3G FORM FACTOR (in) 8 5.25 AVERAGE SEEK (ms) 15 11.5 RAW DISK TRANSFER 6 3.5-4 RATE (Mbps) PERFORMANCE (Kbps)* 1368 1408 RPM 3600 5400 MTBF (hours) 50,000 100,000 CONTROLLER ISP-80 ISP-80 * "Sun performs a combination of random and sequential benchmarks to develop an overall measurement of performance for mass-storage products. These tests are performed on Sun systems and a geometric mean is calculated to generate a composite of the performance that a typical user might expect." KEYBOARDS ========= Type 1 ------ No information. Type 2 ------ Type 2 keyboards were introduced with the Sun-2 model line (?). They have large flat areas around the keys and have a distinctive wedge-shaped profile. They have an RJ connector on the back and connect to the CPU via an RJ cable. The mouse is completely separate on earlier models; on later models such as the 2/50, the keyboard and mouse both connect to an adapter which converts to a DB15. With this adapter, a type 2 keyboard and Sun-2 mouse can be used with a Sun-3. Type 3 ------ Type 3 keyboards were introduced with the Sun-3 model line (?). They have much smaller flat areas around the keys than a type 2 and the front edge is curved downward rather than being a wedge. They connect to the CPU with a male DB15 on the end of an integral coiled cable. The mouse plugs into an RJ connector in the back of the keyboard. Since type 4 keyboards can be used with systems expecting a type 3 (see Misc Q&A #8) with only a connector adapter, presumably type 3 keyboards could be used with systems expecting a type 4. The pinout of the DB15 connector (on the CPU) is: 1 RxD0 (keyboard) 8 GND 2 GND 9 GND 3 TxD0 (keyboard) 10 VCC 4 GND 11 VCC 5 RxD1 (mouse) 12 VCC 6 GND 14 VCC 7 TxD1 (mouse) 15 VCC Type 4 ------ Type 4 keyboards were introduced with the 3/80, but are mostly used on Sun-4 systems. They look like IBM PC 101-key keyboards. They have 8-pin DIN connectors on each side. One (doesn't matter which) connects to a matching connector on the CPU; the mouse plugs into the other. Type 4 keyboards can be used with systems expecting a type 3 (see Misc Q&A #8) with only a connector adapter. The pinout of the DIN-8 connector (female, on the CPU) is: 7 1 GND 5 TxDA (Keyboard) 8 6 2 GND 6 RxDA (Keyboard) 5 4 3 3 Vcc 7 TxDB (Mouse) 2 1 4 RxDB (Mouse) 8 Vcc Type 4 keyboards come in a variety of layouts for various countries. The layout code is set with DIP switches hidden on the bottom of the keyboard and can be retrieved with the KIOCLAYOUT ioctl. The switches are under a pop-off plastic cover in one of the wells for the flip-down keyboard feet. With the bottom row of the keyboard toward you and the keys facing down, the rightmost six DIP switches govern the layout code. The leftmost switch causes the keyboard to identify itself as a type 3 instead of a type 4, and the remaining switch does nothing (?). Type 5 ------ Type 5 keyboards are used with more recent Sun-4 models. Type 5 keyboards come in a variety of layouts for various countries, as well as having a "UNIX" layout which changes the location of the Control and Escape keys to their accustomed places. Six of the DIP switches govern the layout code. Type 5 keyboards identify themselves as type 4. Type 5 keyboards can be used with systems expecting a type 3 (see Misc Q&A #8) with only a connector adapter. Type 5c ------- Type 5c keyboards are the same as type 5, except that the keyboard cable is captive. Alternatives ------------ Ashok Desai no longer maintains the ergonomic keyboard FAQ, but has kindly donated it for inclusion here: 1. Kinesis Corp.(800-4-KINESIS or 206-402-8100, Fax : 206-402-8181) Kinesis sells an ergonomic keyboard for $390 and a Sun interface box for $149. A kit containing both sells for $490. This is a split keyboard with a fixed position and without tilt or rotational adjustments. The Sun interface box allows you to plug the keyboard to any Sun Workstation. The Kinesis interface box only connects the keyboard. It does not provide for a mouse or trackball. However, it should work with any PS/2-compatible keyboard. The Kinesis keyboard is available on-line in Safe comuting's Internet store for $331.50. 2. KeyTronic (509-928-8000 or 800-262-6006) Keytronic sells an IBM compatible PC keyboard called Flex Pro whBich has the ability to separate the QWERTY section as well as the ability to adjust tilt and slope. 3. Lexmark, Lexington KY (1-800-438-2468) Lexmark has IBM compatible keyboard named Select Ease Keyboard, Model M13(PN 1404600). The retail price is $179 ($199 with separate numeric keypad) and is available from major computer stores or directly from Lexmark. It has infinite adjustability features for the user and includes palm rest. The spacebar is divided in two halves to provide user the convenience of "Backspace" function in either half or none. The company has a free 30-day trial offer. If interested, please email Chris Stelmack (christel@interaccess.com). Use "Keyboard" as the subject. Further ordering instructions will be sent to you. 4. Microsoft The Natural Ergonomic keyboard retails for $99. It is a split keyboard without tilt or slope adjustability. A long foot in the front allows you to have negative tilt. It has IBM PC compatible interface. You can buy it from any computer retailer. It should work if connected to a Sun via the Kinesis interface box. 5. Health Care Keyboard Company (414 536-2160) Health Care Keyboard Company sells a Sun-compatible split keyboard, part number BPA9902SPK. The retail price is $715. This keyboard can be split into three pieces and has multiple angular adjustability through large gears. It won various awards and was featured on national TV media. THIS DOES NOT NEED A SUN INTERFACE BOX. Since input devices in general and ergonomic features in particular are very subjective to individual user's needs, you should review the product carefully before making a selection and investment of money. For most of the keyboards above, you need an interface box in order to use it with a Sun. The Kinesis interface box for Suns should work with any IBM PS/2-compatible keyboard. MICE ==== Sun-1 ----- Sun-2 ----- Optical mice, usually black, from Mouse Systems. They use a special optical mouse pad with broad stripes. Cable with RJ connector which connects either to the CPU directly or to an RJ-DB15 adapter (see type-2 keyboards above). Sun-3 ----- Optical mice, usually white, from Mouse Systems. They use the same mouse pad as Sun-2 mice. Cable with RJ connector which connects to the back of a type-3 keyboard. Sun-4 ----- Optical mice, usually white. They use a special optical mouse pad with narrow stripes. Cable with DIN-8 connector which connects to a type-4 or type-5 keyboard. Alternatives ------------ Ren Tescher (ren@rap.ucar.EDU) maintains an unofficial trackball FAQ. In general, some models of trackballs from MicroSpeed (click'n'lock, S-Trac), ITAC Systems (Mouse-Trak), Rollermouse, Evergreen Systems (Diamond XX and XL-5), and Logitech are supposed to be Sun-compatible. The Logitech Trackman Mouse model T-CB1 is plug compatible with type 4 and 5 keyboards. According to Logitech, this model were OEM made for Sun at their request. A Sun-compatible mechanical mouse (CP-1) is available as an x-option (X494 A) on the SMCC price list. A Sun-compatible trackball is available from Kalleen's Computer Products @ 1-800-262-1010 (PN CHP RM400-515, $94.32). MONITORS ======== Monitor standards ----------------- TTL MONO These are used with very early Sun-2 monochrome video cards. Digital signals. DB9 connectors. ECL/TTL MONO Only the video signals are ECL level; the sync signals are still TTL level. Digital signals. DB9 connectors. These are used with later Sun-2 monochrome video cards, Sun-3 monochrome video, and Sun-4 monochrome video; probably Sun-386i monochrome video as well. They connect to the video system via a DB-9. The pinout of the DB-9 (on the video system) is: 1 VIDEO+ 6 VIDEO- 3 HSYNC 7 GND 4 VSYNC 8 GND 9 GND There are two standard resolutions, 1152 by 900 (normal) and 1600 by 1280 (high). Until recently, the standard scanning frequencies for normal resolution were 61.8KHz horizontal and 66Hz vertical. The standard scanning frequencies for high resolution are 89.3KHz horizontal, 67Hz vertical. GRAYSCALE Grayscale monitors may be connected to mg-style monochrome or to color framebuffers. They use analog signals. When connected to a color framebuffer, the green signal is normally the one used. COLOR "4BNC" connectors are, as might be expected, four BNC connectors: red, green, blue, and sync. "13W3" is an unusual connector combining a 10-pin D-shell and analog three video conductors: gray/ 1 gnd* red * * green blue 2 vertical sync* | 1o 2o 3o 4o 5o | | 3 sense #2 (O) (O) (O) 4 sense gnd 6o 7o 8o 9o 10o 5 composite sync * * 6 horizontal sync* 7 gnd* * Considered obsolete, may not be 8 sense #1 connected. 9 sense #0 10 composite gnd The codes for the three monitor-sense bits are: 0 ??? 4 1152 x 900 76Hz 19" 1 reserved 5 reserved 2 1280 x 1024 76Hz 6 1152 x 900 76Hz 16-17" 3 1152 x 900 66Hz 7 no monitor connected Models ------ 365-1020 Sony 16" color monitor 115VAC only, 4BNC connector. Operates at a resolution of 1152 x 900, 66Hz vertical refresh rate, and 61.8KHz horizontal sync rate. 365-1063 Sony 16" color monitor Same as the 365-1020 but with a 13W3 connector. 365-1113 Sony 16" Multiscan monitor 115/240VAC, FCC-B/VCCI-2, 13W3 connector. Operates at the following resolutions and sync frequencies: 944 x 736 84Hz vert, 70.8KHz horiz 17" overscan 1076 x 824 76Hz vert, 71.7KHz horiz 17" overscan 1152 x 900 66Hz vert, 61.8KHz horiz 16" underscan 1152 x 900 76Hz vert, 71.7KHz horiz 16" underscan 1280 x 1024 67Hz vert, 71.7KHz horiz 16" underscan 365-1151 Sony 16" Multiscan monitor 115/240VAC, FCC-B/VCCI-2, 13W3 connector on integral 1.2M video cable. Operates at the following resolutions and sync frequencies: 1152 x 900 66Hz vert, 61.8KHz horiz 1024 x 800 74Hz vert, 61.9KHz horiz 365-1159 Sony 16" Multiscan monitor Same as 365-1113, but has VLF. FLOPPY DRIVES ============= TAPE DRIVES =========== Formats ------- 9-TRACK Half-inch reel-to-reel tapes. QIC-11 Quarter-inch cartridge tapes, maximum capacity 20M. The standard tape drive for Sun-2's. Four tracks. QIC-24 Quarter-inch cartridge tapes, maximum capacity 60M. The standard tape drive for Sun-3's. Nine tracks. Can also read and write QIC-11 tapes. Note that there were actually two QIC-11 formats, one with only four tracks (capacity 20M) and an extended one with nine tracks, which had the same capacity as QIC-24 but slightly different formatting. SunOS allows selection of QIC-24 or QIC-11 (by using different entries in /dev) when using a QIC-24 drive, but does not distinguish between the two varieties of QIC-11; if you write past the end of track four, a real QIC-11 drive will not be able to read all the data. In general, this doesn't matter unless you want to read the tape on a real QIC-11 drive, or sometimes when making boot tapes. QIC-150 Quarter-inch cartridge tapes, maximum capacity 150M. Can read QIC-24 (and QIC-11?) tapes, but cannot write them (?). Models ------ xxx-xxxx Archive 2150S Look at the back of the unit such that the SCSI connector is toward the bottom and the power connector is to the left. Below the power connector is a jumper block, made up of three rows of six pins each. Jumpers go from an odd-numbered column to the next even-numbered column (1 to 2, 3 to 4, 5 to 6), not crossing rows. row 1/cols 1-2 serial mode UNJUMPED by default Enables serial mode when jumped. row 2/cols 1-2 diagnostic mode UNJUMPED by default Enables diagnostic mode when jumped. row 3/cols 1-2 SCSI parity JUMPED by default Enables SCSI bus parity when jumped. cols 3-4 buffer disconnect size buffer size (K) 2 4 6 8 12 16 24 32 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- row 1: UN UN UN UN JU JU JU JU row 2: UN UN JU JU UN UN JU JU row 3: UN JU UN JU UN JU UN JU cols 5-6 SCSI id Row 3 is the LSB and row 1 the MSB. END OF PART V OF THE SUN HARDWARE REFERENCE